Overseas+Testing+-+Past

=**Past Overseas Testing**=


 * 65 years ago mental patients and prisoners in Guatemala were infected with syphilis by federal doctors to study the effects of penicillin.
 * A spokesperson for the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, Rick Weiss stated, "When the president was briefed on the details of the Guatemalan episode, one of his first questions was whether this sort of thing could still happen today."
 * GlaxoSmithKline tested a vaccine designed to prevent pneumonia on small babies in the Argentina province of Santiago del Estero; 7 died.
 * Central and South America have the highest number of subjects per site and also the most subjects participating in foreign trials.
 * Peru ranks as one of the world's leaders in the number of clinical trials. Approximately 13,000 people participated in a trial for an American drug, and not a single American inspector came.

Hearn, Kelly. "The Rise of Unregulated Drug Trials in South America." //The Nation.// The Nation. 21 September 2011. Web. 16 March 2012.
 * American Incidents:**
 * University of Missouri, late 1940s, 11 public service employees were injected with malaria and then starved for the next five days. Some were subjected to hard labor to see the effects, and those men ended up losing approximately 14 pounds.
 * 1957, researchers injected the Asian flu through 23 inmates at Patuxent prison were subjected to the Asian flu through the process of researchers spraying it through their noses. They were then compared to the other 32 inmates who had been exposed to the disease also, but were given a new vaccine.

Stobbe, Mike. "Past Medical Testing on Humans Revealed." //PHYSORG.COM.// PHSORG.COM. 27 February 2011. Web. 16 March 2012.

By: Chloe


 * 86% of clinical trials were done in U.S. in 1997; that figure has now dropped to 57%… and 30% of total clinical trials are now performed in countries other than Europe and the U.S.
 * 1990, only 271 trials of drugs intended for American use were being conducted in foreign countries.
 * By 2008, the number had risen to 6,485.
 * According to a National Institutes of Health database, 58,788 such foreign trials have been conducted in 173 countries outside the United States since 2000.
 * In 2008 alone, 80 percent of the applications submitted to the FDA for new drugs contained data from foreign clinical trials.
 * As U.S. controls for clinical drug trials have grown more stringent, many companies have moved testing overseas, often to poor Third World countries. According to a National Institutes of Health database, ClinicalTrials.gov, some 60,000 clinical drug tests have been conducted since 1970, in 177 different countries outside the U.S.

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http://listosaur.com/science-a-technology/top-10-unethical-research-programs-in-u.s.-history.html?tmpl=component

By: Conway